Meet The Black And Tan Goonhound (Imp)
The Black and Tan Coonhound is a large, powerful American scent hound recognised for its exceptional nose, endurance, distinctive black-and-tan colouring and deep, unmistakable baying voice. Although developed as a serious hunting dog, it can be surprisingly relaxed and affectionate at home.
The breed is generally described as friendly, easy-going, outgoing, brave, loyal and social, but its powerful hunting instincts and independent nature mean that it needs appropriate training, exercise and secure containment. (American Kennel Club)
1. Origin and History
The Black and Tan Coonhound is an American breed, developed from European hounds brought to the American colonies.
Its ancestry is generally traced back to old English hounds, including the Talbot Hound, with Bloodhound and Foxhound influences contributing to the modern breed. The American Virginia Foxhound was also important in its development. (American Kennel Club)
The breed was developed primarily as a scent-trailing and treeing hound. Its job was to follow the scent of quarry over considerable distances and then alert hunters when the animal had been located.
Although raccoons became the breed's principal quarry, Black and Tan Coonhounds were capable of pursuing much larger game, including deer, bear and mountain lion. Their powerful noses allowed them to follow scent trails through difficult terrain and varying weather conditions. (American Kennel Club)
The American Kennel Club officially recognised the Black and Tan Coonhound in 1945, making it the first of the recognised Coonhound breeds to receive AKC registration. (American Kennel Club)
2. Physical Characteristics
The Black and Tan Coonhound is a large, athletic and muscular dog.
Typical characteristics include:
Large, powerful body
Long, low-set floppy ears
Short, dense coat
Coal-black base colour
Rich tan markings
Tan markings above the eyes
Tan muzzle and chest markings
Long, strong legs
Long tail
Strong scenting ability
According to the AKC breed standard, males are approximately 25–27 inches (63.5–68.6 cm) at the shoulder, while females are approximately 23–25 inches (58.4–63.5 cm). Weight can vary considerably with sex, build and condition, with the breed commonly falling into the large-dog category. (AKC Images)
One of the most distinctive features is the tan markings above the eyes, sometimes described as "pumpkin seed" markings. (American Kennel Club)
3. Personality
The Black and Tan Coonhound can have two very different sides to its personality.
Outdoors:
🐾 Determined🐾 Energetic🐾 Focused🐾 Curious🐾 Independent🐾 Driven by scent🐾 Persistent
At home:
❤️ Affectionate❤️ Gentle❤️ Relaxed❤️ Sociable❤️ Loyal❤️ Easy-going
The AKC describes the breed as a dog that can be tenacious on the trail but relaxed at home. (American Kennel Club)
This contrast is one of the most interesting characteristics of the breed.
A Coonhound may spend part of the day following a scent with enormous determination and then happily spend the evening stretched out on the sofa with its family.
4. Character
The Black and Tan Coonhound has the character of a genuine working dog.
It was bred to think independently while following a scent rather than constantly waiting for instructions from a human.
This means that it can be:
Intelligent
Determined
Persistent
Courageous
Independent
Loyal
Affectionate
Curious
Its independence can sometimes be mistaken for stubbornness.
The dog isn't necessarily refusing to learn—it may simply believe that the scent it has discovered is considerably more interesting than what its owner is asking it to do!
This is one reason training should be started early and maintained consistently. (American Kennel Club)
5. Temperament
The breed standard describes the Black and Tan Coonhound as easy-going, brave, outgoing and friendly. (American Kennel Club)
A well-socialised individual will generally be:
Friendly
They tend to enjoy human companionship.
Outgoing
Many are comfortable meeting new people, although individual dogs can vary.
Brave
The breed was developed to pursue challenging quarry.
Loyal
They often develop strong bonds with their families.
Independent
They were bred to work with some degree of independence.
Affectionate
Despite their working background, many enjoy plenty of attention and affection.
6. Intelligence and Trainability
The Black and Tan Coonhound is intelligent, but it is not a breed that should be expected to obey every command instantly.
Its intelligence was developed for hunting, tracking and problem-solving.
The challenge is that its nose can become more important than its owner's instructions.
A particularly interesting scent may cause a Coonhound to completely focus on tracking.
Training works best with:
Positive reinforcement
Food rewards
Praise
Consistency
Short, interesting training sessions
Early socialisation
Scent-based activities
Harsh training methods are generally unnecessary and can damage the relationship between dog and owner.
The AKC specifically notes the breed's independent streak and recommends early socialisation and puppy training. (American Kennel Club)
7. Exercise Requirements
Exercise requirement: Moderate to high
The Black and Tan Coonhound is an athletic working breed.
Although it can be surprisingly lazy indoors, it needs regular physical and mental activity.
Good activities include:
🐾 Long walks🌲 Hiking👃 Scent work🎯 Tracking🎾 Fetch🏃 Running🐕 Agility🧠 Puzzle games🌳 Exploring secure outdoor areas
PetMD specifically recommends activities such as scent work, tracking, hiking, agility, fetch and interactive games. (PetMD)
Important:
A short walk around the block may not be enough for every Black and Tan Coonhound.
The dog's mental exercise is equally important.
Allowing it to safely investigate scents can be much more satisfying than simply walking quickly from one point to another.
8. Energy Level
⚡ Energy level: Moderate–High
This can be somewhat deceptive.
A Black and Tan Coonhound can look extremely relaxed indoors.
However, once it gets outside and catches an interesting scent, the working dog emerges.
It can have considerable stamina and was specifically developed to work over difficult terrain for extended periods. (AKC Images)
Therefore, the ideal owner should be prepared for an active dog rather than assuming its relaxed indoor behaviour means it doesn't require exercise.
9. Family Friendly?
⭐⭐⭐⭐☆ Generally very family-friendly
Black and Tan Coonhounds can make excellent family companions when their exercise, training and social needs are met.
The AKC notes that they can be good with children and thrive on human companionship. (American Kennel Club)
They are often:
Affectionate
Patient
Playful
Social
Loyal
Children
They can be good around children, but because this is a large and powerful dog, interactions should always be supervised.
A young Coonhound can accidentally knock over a small child simply because of its size and enthusiasm.
Children should learn to:
Respect the dog's space
Avoid pulling its ears
Leave it alone while eating
Avoid climbing on it
Handle it appropriately
10. Adapting to Humans
⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐ Very good
The Black and Tan Coonhound is generally a social breed.
It tends to enjoy human company and can form strong family bonds.
The AKC describes Black and Tans as social dogs that are happiest around people or other dogs. (American Kennel Club)
However, this also means that they aren't necessarily ideal for a lifestyle where the dog is left alone for very long periods.
A lonely Coonhound may become noisy, bored or destructive.
11. Adapting to Other Dogs
⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐ Generally very good
Black and Tan Coonhounds are often quite social with other dogs.
Their historical background as hunting hounds working with people and other dogs helps explain their generally social nature.
Early socialisation remains important.
Introducing a puppy to:
Different dogs
Different people
Different environments
Household noises
Cars
Veterinary handling
can help produce a confident adult.
12. Adapting to Cats and Other Animals
This area requires more consideration.
A Black and Tan Coonhound may live successfully with cats and other household animals, particularly when raised with them and carefully socialised.
However, it is still a scent hound with a strong prey drive.
PetMD notes that the breed's strong nose and prey drive can make smaller animals tempting to chase. (PetMD)
Therefore:
Cats
Possible — but introductions should be gradual and supervised.
Small dogs
Possible, but individual temperament and prey drive must be considered.
Rabbits, guinea pigs and other small animals
Greater caution is necessary.
Livestock
Do not assume that a Coonhound will automatically leave livestock alone.
A dog's hunting instincts can override obedience when it sees or smells something it regards as prey.
13. The Incredible Nose
Perhaps the most remarkable feature of the Black and Tan Coonhound is its sense of smell.
This breed was specifically developed to follow scent trails.
When it catches an interesting scent, it can become intensely focused.
This creates an important safety consideration:
Never rely on an ordinary recall in an unfenced area.
A Coonhound following an interesting scent may travel a considerable distance.
The AKC recommends a strong leash and secure fencing because of this instinct. (American Kennel Club)
14. The Famous Coonhound Voice
The Black and Tan Coonhound has a distinctive deep bay/howl.
This isn't simply barking.
The voice was developed to allow hunters to locate the dog while it was following or had located quarry.
It can be extremely loud and carry over considerable distances.
This is an important consideration for people living close to neighbours.
A Coonhound may vocalise when:
Excited
Following a scent
Alert
Lonely
Wanting attention
Hunting
The AKC specifically identifies the breed's loud, mournful baying as a characteristic prospective owners should understand. (American Kennel Club)
15. Grooming Requirements
Grooming: ⭐⭐☆☆☆ Relatively easy
Fortunately, the Black and Tan Coonhound's coat is much easier to maintain than that of many long-haired breeds.
Its coat is:
Short
Dense
Smooth
Relatively low-maintenance
Weekly brushing is generally sufficient to remove loose hair and distribute natural oils. (American Kennel Club)
Basic grooming routine
Weekly:Brush coat and inspect ears.
Regularly:Check nails.
As required:Bathing.
Frequently:Inspect and clean ears appropriately.
16. Ear Care
Those magnificent long ears require particular attention.
Because they hang close to the head, they can retain:
Moisture
Wax
Dirt
Debris
This creates conditions in which ear infections can develop.
Possible warning signs include:
Head shaking
Scratching
Bad smell
Redness
Discharge
Sensitivity
Head tilting
PetMD specifically identifies ear infections as an important health concern for the breed. (PetMD)
Regular inspection is therefore an important part of caring for a Black and Tan Coonhound.
17. Common Medical Issues
The Black and Tan Coonhound is generally considered a reasonably healthy breed, but it can develop certain conditions.
1. Hip Dysplasia
Hip dysplasia occurs when the hip joint doesn't develop normally.
Possible signs include:
Limping
Stiffness
Difficulty getting up
Reduced activity
Difficulty climbing stairs
Maintaining a healthy body weight is particularly important for large dogs.
(PetMD)
2. Ear Infections
As discussed above, the long floppy ears can trap moisture and debris.
Regular inspection is important.
(PetMD)
3. Gastric Dilatation-Volvulus — Bloat
This is one of the most important medical emergencies owners should understand.
GDV occurs when the stomach becomes distended and twists.
Warning signs can include:
Distended abdomen
Restlessness
Excessive drooling
Repeated attempts to vomit without producing anything
Abdominal discomfort
Collapse
GDV is an emergency requiring immediate veterinary treatment.
Because the Black and Tan is a large, deep-chested breed, this is an important consideration. (PetMD)
4. Hypothyroidism
This occurs when the thyroid gland does not produce sufficient thyroid hormones.
Possible signs include:
Weight gain
Lethargy
Hair loss
Skin problems
It can generally be managed with veterinary treatment and medication when diagnosed. (PetMD)
5. Ectropion
Ectropion is an eyelid abnormality in which the eyelid turns outward.
This can cause irritation and may require veterinary management. (PetMD)
18. Lifespan
A typical reported lifespan is approximately:
10–12 years
Individual dogs can vary, and genetics, nutrition, exercise, preventative veterinary care and general health all influence longevity. (PetMD)
19. Feeding and Nutrition
Because this is a large, athletic breed, nutrition is particularly important during growth and adulthood.
A suitable diet should provide appropriate amounts of:
High-quality protein
Fat
Carbohydrates
Vitamins
Minerals
Essential fatty acids
Puppies should receive food formulated for appropriate growth, while adult dogs should receive a diet suitable for their age, size and activity.
Weight control is important
Carrying excess weight puts additional stress on the hips and other joints.
A Black and Tan Coonhound should ideally remain lean and athletic rather than becoming overweight.
20. Feeding and Bloat Prevention
Because of the breed's size and deep chest, feeding practices deserve attention.
Rather than giving one enormous meal, dividing food into two or more appropriately sized meals can be discussed with your veterinarian.
PetMD also recommends avoiding strenuous exercise immediately around meals and notes that a slow feeder may be useful for dogs that eat too quickly. (PetMD)
If you ever suspect bloat or GDV, don't wait to see whether it improves—seek emergency veterinary care immediately.
21. Living Environment
A Black and Tan Coonhound can adapt to family life, but the ideal environment provides:
🏡 Secure fencing🌳 Outdoor space🐾 Daily exercise👃 Opportunities to use its nose❤️ Human companionship🧠 Mental stimulation
A large secure garden can be particularly useful.
However, simply having a big garden doesn't replace walks and interaction.
22. Apartment Living
⭐⭐☆☆☆ to ⭐⭐⭐☆☆
This is not necessarily an impossible breed for apartment living, but it can be challenging.
The main concerns are:
Size
Exercise requirements
Need for mental stimulation
Loud baying
Strong scenting instincts
Potential boredom
The AKC and veterinary sources both emphasise the importance of exercise, companionship and secure outdoor management. (American Kennel Club)
A well-exercised Coonhound may be wonderfully relaxed indoors, but the owner must be prepared to provide that exercise.
23. Climate Adaptability
The breed was developed as a rugged working dog capable of operating in varied terrain and weather.
The AKC breed standard specifically describes it as capable of withstanding winter, summer heat and difficult terrain. (AKC Images)
Nevertheless, this should not be interpreted as immunity to heat.
In hot climates such as South Africa:
Provide plenty of fresh water.
Provide shade.
Avoid strenuous exercise during the hottest part of the day.
Exercise early morning or evening.
Watch carefully for signs of overheating.
Never leave the dog in a parked vehicle.
24. Mental Stimulation
A Black and Tan Coonhound's brain needs exercise just as much as its body.
Some of the best activities are actually those that allow it to use its natural abilities.
Excellent choices:
👃 Scent games🔎 Tracking🌲 Hiking🎯 Nose work🧩 Puzzle toys🎾 Fetch🐕 Obedience exercises🏃 Agility🦴 Food-search games
Scent work is particularly valuable because it allows the dog to use the ability for which the breed was specifically developed. (PetMD)
25. Separation and Loneliness
The Black and Tan Coonhound is a social breed.
It generally prefers being part of the household rather than being isolated for long periods.
Prolonged loneliness can contribute to:
Baying
Barking
Boredom
Destructive behaviour
Restlessness
A family that spends considerable time with its dog is therefore likely to be a better fit than a household where the dog is routinely alone all day.
26. Is It a Good Guard Dog?
⭐⭐⭐☆☆
The Black and Tan Coonhound is certainly capable of making its presence known.
Its deep voice can be intimidating.
However, it is primarily a hunting and companion dog, not a dedicated protection breed.
Its naturally friendly temperament means it shouldn't be selected primarily for guarding a property.
27. Advantages and Disadvantages
Advantages | Disadvantages |
Extremely loyal | Strong prey drive |
Affectionate | Can be independent |
Friendly | Recall can be challenging |
Good family companion | Very loud baying |
Generally good with dogs | Needs secure fencing |
Athletic | Can follow scents for long distances |
Excellent scenting ability | Ear infections can occur |
Easy-care coat | Moderate shedding |
Relaxed indoors | Needs regular exercise |
Intelligent | Can be challenging for inexperienced owners |
Brave | Large and powerful |
Enjoys outdoor activities | Bloat/GDV is an important concern |
28. Who Is the Black and Tan Coonhound Best Suited To?
This breed can be an excellent choice for someone who wants:
✔ A large affectionate companion✔ An outdoor dog✔ A hiking companion✔ A scent-work dog✔ A loyal family member✔ A dog that enjoys other dogs✔ An intelligent but independent breed✔ A dog that can relax indoors after exercise
It may be less suitable for someone who:
❌ Wants a completely obedient dog❌ Lives where loud baying would cause problems❌ Cannot provide secure fencing❌ Has many small animals without the ability to manage prey drive❌ Leaves the dog alone for very long periods❌ Wants a low-exercise dog❌ Doesn't enjoy training an independent breed
29. Breed Summary
Category | Assessment |
Affection | ⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐ |
Family friendliness | ⭐⭐⭐⭐☆ |
Children | ⭐⭐⭐⭐☆ |
Other dogs | ⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐ |
Cats | ⭐⭐⭐☆☆ |
Small animals | ⭐⭐☆☆☆ |
Trainability | ⭐⭐⭐☆☆ |
Intelligence | ⭐⭐⭐⭐☆ |
Energy | ⭐⭐⭐⭐☆ |
Exercise requirement | ⭐⭐⭐⭐☆ |
Grooming requirement | ⭐⭐☆☆☆ |
Shedding | ⭐⭐⭐☆☆ |
Apartment suitability | ⭐⭐☆☆☆ |
Outdoor suitability | ⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐ |
Watchdog ability | ⭐⭐⭐☆☆ |
Scenting ability | ⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐ |
Adaptability | ⭐⭐⭐⭐☆ |
Vocalisation | ⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐ |
Companionship | ⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐ |
30. Final Thoughts
The Black and Tan Coonhound is a fascinating combination of powerful working dog and affectionate family companion.
Its history explains much of its behaviour. This is a dog that was developed to use its nose, travel considerable distances, work independently and pursue quarry with determination. Those instincts haven't disappeared simply because today's Coonhound may spend its evenings sleeping on the family sofa. (American Kennel Club)
At home, a well-socialised Black and Tan can be gentle, affectionate, relaxed and wonderfully loyal. Outside, however, that incredible nose can take control. A scent can send the dog into tracking mode, which is why secure fencing and reliable leash management are essential.
Its short coat makes grooming relatively easy, but owners need to pay particular attention to its long ears, weight, joints and overall health. Hip dysplasia, ear infections, hypothyroidism, ectropion and potentially life-threatening GDV are among the conditions worth discussing with a veterinarian. (PetMD)
Ultimately, the Black and Tan Coonhound is best understood as a working scent hound that happens to make a very affectionate companion. Give it exercise, companionship, training, opportunities to use its nose and a secure environment, and it can become an exceptionally rewarding member of the family.
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